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Writer's picturePrelude to Indonesia

Common Idioms and Sayings in Indonesia

Halo!


This time, I want to give some idioms or sayings that are common in Indonesia. Admittedly, some newer generation of Indonesians, especially those who studied in international schools, might not be familiar with them. My friend also said that they sound quite dramatic (and I agree).


Anyway, I’ll write them down alphabetically with its direct translation to English followed by their meaning or, if any, similar idioms in English. Some of these sayings can also be used as/made into verbs.


Bahasa Indonesia

Direct translation

Actual Meaning

Anak bawang

Onion child

Someone’s who’s there only as decoration with no contribution

Anak buah

Fruit’s child

Subordinate

Adu domba

Sheep fighting

Pitching others to fight

Anak emas

Golden child

Most loved kid

Angkat kaki

Raising feet

Leave

Angkat tangan

Raising hands

Giving up

Banting harga

Throw prices

Sale

Banting tulang

Throw bones

Working extremely hard

Berdarah dingin

Cold-blooded

Ruthless, cold-blooded

Besar kepala

Big-headed

Arrogant, haughty

Besar mulut

Big-mouthed

Loudmouth, braggart, blabbermouth

Bermuka dua

Two-faced

Two-faced, wishy-washy

Bintang lapangan

Field star

Best player on the field (usually sport-related)

Buah bibir

Fruit of the mouth

Becoming the talk of the town

Buah hati

Fruit of the heart

One’s beloved child(ren)

Buah tangan

Fruit of the hand

Souvenir

Buang muka

Throwing away face

To ignore someone on purpose

Buaya darat

Land crocodile

Playboy

Bunga desa

Village flower

The most beautiful girl

Cari muka

Searching face

Seeking attention

Cuci mata

Washing eyes

Looking at something fun to refresh one’s eyes

Darah biru

Blue blood

Of noble descent, aristocrat

Darah daging

Blood and flesh

Biological child OR something ingrained within a society

Darah mendidih

Boiled blood

Furious

Darah terakhir

Last blood

The last living descendant

Debat kusir

Coachman debate

A useless and aimless debate

Demam panggung

Stage fever

Stage fright, getting cold feet

Empat mata

Four eyes

A meeting or conversation between two people

Gelap mata

Dark eyes

Loosing rationality to the point of being crazy

Gudang ilmu

Knowledge warehouse

A source of knowledge, be it a person or object or place

Gulung tikar

Rolling rug

Bankrupt

Harga mati

Dead price

The terms cannot be negotiated further

Hidung belang

Striped nose

Playboy, womanizer

Jalan tikus

Rat’s road

Small side roads usually only known by locals

Jam karet

Rubber clock

Unpunctual

Kabar angin

Wind news

Gossip

Kaki tangan

Feet and hands

Lackey

Kambing hitam

Black goat

The one that is always being blamed, scapegoat

Kebakaran jenggot

Beard on fire

Being angry

Kecil hati

Small-hearted

Discouraged, coward

Kelinci percobaan

Testing rabbit

Guinea pig (as in being used in experiments)

Kepala [number]

Head [number]

Age group, for example saying ‘kepala dua’ means in their twenties (‘dua’ means two)

Kepala batu = Keras kepala

Stone-headed = hard-headed

Headstrong

Kepala dingin

Cold-headed

Calm, patient, cool-headed

Kutu buku

Book flea

Bookworm

Kutu loncat

Jumping flea

A fickle person, someone who likes to change job/side

Kupu-kupu malam

Night butterfly

Prostitutes

Lintah darat

Land leech

Loan shark

Lurus hati

Straight-hearted

Honest

Main mata

Eye play

Flirting (as in sending eye signals)

Masuk angin

Entered by wind

Catching a cold (in Japanese they have a similar saying, where having a cold is ‘kaze wo hiita’ which means ‘caught wind’)

Mata angin

Wind eye

Wind direction, like north or southeast

Mata duitan

Money-eyed

Materialistic

Mata keranjang

Basket eye

Womanizer

Makan (asam) garam

Eating (acid) salt

Having a lot of experience, having gone through the ups and downs of life

Makan gaji buta

Eating blind wage

Receiving pay without doing anything

Makan hati

Eat liver

Disappointed

Malu-malu kucing

Shy as a cat

Pretending to be shy, like a tsundere

Meja hijau

Green table

Court (as in judicial/law context)

Memikat hati

Captivating heart

Captivating, seducing (noun)

Menjilat ludah sendiri

Licking one’s own spit

Doing or saying something that is opposite of one’s own words

Menusuk hati

Piercing heart

Offend, heart-piercing

Muka masam

Sour face

Pouting

Naik daun

Upping leaf

Becoming famous/popular

Naik pitam

Upping fit

Being angry

Otak udang

Shrimp brained

Dumb

Pandang bulu

Looking at fur

Differentiate, discriminate due to different background

Panjang akal

Long-minded

Clever

Pencuci mulut

Mouth washer

Dessert

Ringan tangan

Light-handed

Helpful OR likes to hit other

Sebatang kara

A stick

Living alone, have no relatives

(Si) jago merah

(The) red rooster

Flame/fire

Tangan besi

Steel hand

Heavy-handed, with iron-fist

Tangan kanan

Right hand

Right-hand man

Tanggal tua

Old date

The end of the month, usually used to imply financial difficulty because payday has long pass

Tebal muka

Thick-faced

Shameless

Titik darah penghabisan

Last drop of blood

Dying/passing away (usually used in war or fight context)

Tulang punggung keluarga

Family’s backbone

Family’s breadwinner

Tutup usia

Closing age

Passing away

Unjuk gigi

Showing teeth

Showing off, demonstrating one’s skill

Unjuk rasa

Showing feelings

Demonstration


Special feature on ‘jam karet’! I recently saw a foreigner on Instagram being amazed by ‘jam karet’, which literally means ‘rubber clock’. This saying contains a hidden (sarcastic) meaning, referring to how Indonesians are almost always late and whose sense of punctuality can be stretched like rubber. Even a tour guide I met in China said that whenever she brought along a group of Indonesians, she will always tell them an earlier time than the supposed one. So, for example, if we have to get on the bus by 10 AM, she won’t tell the group to gather at 10 AM. Instead she will say 9.30 AM or even 9 AM, to ensure that by 10 AM everyone is ready (and sometimes a few people might not even be ready yet). Of course, not every Indonesian is like that, but I admit we are quite lenient with time.


That’s all for today’s post. Let me know if I missed anything.


See you~

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